Is Flutter Going To Replace Ionic

Is Flutter Going To Replace Ionic
Is Flutter Going To Replace Ionic

While it’s currently not certain if Flutter will completely replace Ionic, industry trends show an increasing preference for Flutter due to its faster code writing capabilities and superior UI design, making it a strong contender in the field of cross-platform app development. Certainly, we can certainly dive into whether Flutter is going to replace Ionic by laying out a summary table incorporating several key points including Performance, Language, Community Support, Learning Curve and Use Case.

Here’s an HTML code snippet that generates such a summary table:

Flutter Ionic
Performance High Moderate
Language Dart JavaScript, TypeScript
Community Support Growing Rapidly Established
Learning Curve Higher Lower
Use Case Mobile Apps Web and Mobile Apps

Upon taking a glimpse at the table, it becomes evident that each framework has its own strengths. Flutter is recognized for its outstanding performance as it compiles directly to native machine code, which provides incredibly fast startup times and smoother animations. On the flip side, Ionic allows developers to write once and run anywhere due to its utilization of web technologies like JavaScript, making it suitable not only for mobile applications but web applications as well.

Although Ionic’s community support is firmly established with a plethora of resources to address most issues, Flutter is catching up quickly due to its ever-growing popularity. However, the learning curve for Flutter seems steep as Dart – its primary language – doesn’t compare to the overwhelming popularity of JavaScript, which virtually every software developer knows. This leaves less experienced coders hesitant to venture onto the path of Flutter development.

When it comes to their use cases, it revolves around personal preference and project needs. If full control over native features and performance are top priorities, Flutter would be the ideal choice. Conversely, if the goal is to build a cross-platform application with singular codebase and web solutions are paramount, then Ionic serves as the go-to option.

In essence, choosing between Flutter and Ionic largely depends on the specific requirements and constraints of your project. It’s hard to predict with certainty whether Flutter will replace Ionic, as both maintain significant advantages in differing scenarios. Tech trends, particularly those revolving around software development frameworks, tend to evolve rather than abruptly shift. It may be more apt to say that Flutter will likely become an increasingly popular alternative to Ionic without necessarily causing its obsolescence.

Check out this article from HackerNoon where it dwells deep into comparing these two amazing frameworks.

Both Flutter and Ionic emanate from a common goal of providing developers with tools for cross-platform app development, albeit with different implementation approaches. When discussing which is superior or whether Flutter is indeed going to replace Ionic, it’s important to know the key features and differences between both.

Flutter

Developed by Google, Flutter is a highly efficient framework aimed at creating quick yet beautiful apps for mobile, web, and desktop running from a single codebase. Its flagship feature is the Dart programming language, enabling near-native performance, smooth animations, rich visuals, and an overall better user experience.

* Strong emphasis on design and visuals.
* Near-native app performance.
* Fully customized components.

void main() {
  runApp(
    Center(
      child: Text(
        'Hello, world!',
        textDirection: TextDirection.ltr,
      ),
    ),
  );
}

Ionic

Ionic, on the other hand, is an open-source framework for developing hybrid mobile applications using HTML, CSS, and JavaScript (specifically AngularJS). It enables the creation of cross-platform applications sharing about 98% of their code, drastically reducing development time and effort.

* Framework flexibility (AngularJS, Vue.js, React).
* Utilizes web technologies for development.
* Wide range of pre-designed components.

import { Component } from '@angular/core';

@Component({
  selector: 'app-home',
  templateUrl: 'home.page.html',
  styleUrls: ['home.page.scss'],
})
export class HomePage {}

Will Flutter Replace Ionic?

When put head-to-head in an aspect-by-aspect comparison, two clear trends emerge:

Aspect Flutter Ionic
Performance High; compiled into native ARM code. Average; typical performance for a web-based app.
Code Sharing Moderate; code can be shared across Android, iOS, and web platforms. High; allows sharing most of the code across multiple platforms.
User Interface High quality UI components. Simpler UI components.

Given that each tool has its strengths and weaknesses, the question of replacement becomes more nuanced. The adoption of Flutter or Ionic would highly depend on the project’s requirements and team expertise. For instance, if performance is a priority or the team is proficient in Dart, Flutter becomes a viable choice. Conversely, If you’re opting for rapid development or your team is adept in JavaScript, Ionic might be the go-to framework.

The evolution of both frameworks also plays a vital role. Ionic has been active since 2013, and hence has a larger community and recognition among developers. On the contrary, featuring improved performance and strong backing from Google, Flutter might edge out in the long run. However, “replacing” one technology entirely takes more than just technical prowess; market factors, ecosystems, developer preferences, commercial support, etc., all play significant roles in this process.

So, while we may observe an increasing trend towards Flutter, canonically stating it’s set to “replace” Ionic wouldn’t quite fit the narrative in technology evolution. Instead, it’s safe to say that Flutter, with its distinct functionality, will find its rightful space among developers as they strive to align their toolset with project goals.

The question you’re asking is essentially, “Will the capabilities of Flutter eventually render Ionic obsolete?” To delve into this, let’s take a deep dive into the capabilities of Flutter and then juxtapose these with the features of Ionic. We need to investigate not just the differences, but also the similarities between the two frameworks. It’s important to remember when we compare technologies that not one size does fit all, and different tools may outperform others in specific use cases.

Decoding Flutter

Flutter, developed by Google, is a UI toolkit for building natively compiled applications for mobile, web, and desktop from a single codebase. It uses Dart programming language. Some primary capabilities that are worth mentioning include:

  • Hot Reload: This feature enhances the developers’ productivity as it enables them to experiment, build UIs, add features, and correct bugs faster. When code changes, hot reload injects updated source files into the Dart Virtual Machine. After that, the widget tree is automatically rebuilt, allowing you to view the effects immediately.
  • One Code Base: Write your app’s code once and deploy it on multiple platforms, including Android and iOS. This reduces duplication of effort and enhances consistency across platforms.
  • Native performance: Since Flutter compiles into the native ARM code for both Android and iOS, it provides a native-like performance on all platforms, ensuring an optimal user experience.
  • Customizable and Extensible: Flutter has a rich set of pre-designed widgets that are highly customizable. Developers can use these widgets or even [build their own](https://api.flutter.dev/flutter/widgets/Widget-class.html), harnessing virtually unlimited UI design possibilities.

Highlights of Ionic

Ionic, on the other hand, is a popular open-source framework used for developing hybrid mobile applications. Unlike Flutter, it uses JavaScript for building applications and offers compatibility with Angular, Vue, and React. Let us dwell upon some primary features of Ionic:

  • Versatility: It supports a wide array of technologies, including HTML5, CSS, JavaScript, and more. As a result, developers aren’t locked into a single tech stack and can choose the one most suitable for their needs.
  • Web Standards-Based: Because it is built on reliable Web standards, there’s a significantly lower risk of platform-specific quirks, making it ideal for Cross-Platform development.
  • Integration Capabilities: Comes with pre-developed plugins enabling direct access to crucial device features and functionalities. Additionally, it integrates well with various libraries to develop feature-rich apps.
  • Mature Ecosystem: Being in existence since 2013, Ionic boasts of a mature ecosystem with extensive community support and readily available learning resources.

Comparative Analysis

Flutter Ionic
Performance High (native level) Good but lower than native
Language Dart JavaScript, Typescript
UI Experience Excellent due to customizable widgets Depends on CSS translation
Learning Curve Steep because Dart is less familiar to developers Easier thanks to pervasive knowledge about its core languages

In the end, neither Flutter nor Ionic is “superior” without context. Both have their advantages based on what a particular project requires. Due to its native performance and customizability, Flutter has shown great promise in the world of cross-platform development. However, Ionic continues to be highly favored, especially among developers well-versed in JavaScript/TypeScript and those preferring a smooth learning curve.

Hence, instead of replacing Ionic, Flutter is more likely to expand the options available for choosing a suitable framework based on your unique project needs and team expertise.

It’s an especially riveting development to witness the dynamic landscape of mobile app development continually evolving. Presently, you might be wondering if Flutter is going to replace Ionic in the field of mobile app development. To lend you a perspective, let’s first turn our focus to Ionic and its varied strengths.

Ionic’s Strengths:

1. Web Technology Based

Ionic uses familiar web technologies like HTML5, CSS3, and JavaScript (or TypeScript) for developing apps. It gives developers the comfort of using their existing knowledge without switching to another programming language. This versatility allows quick adaption, which reduces development time.

<ion-button>Click Me!</ion-button>

2. Platform Independent

Ionic supports the creation of hybrid mobile applications. It implies that you write code once and deploy it across different platforms such as iOS and Android. This feature significantly enhances productivity and reduces the overall development effort.

3. User Interface

Ionic provides pre-developed components, typography, interactive paradigms, and themes that are crucial in designing a visually pleasing UI. It further helps in creating responsive apps with minimal coding.

4. Robust Performance

By integrating directly with native APIs, Ionic offers high performance compared to typical hybrid apps. Frameworks like Cordova or Capacitor facilitate such integration.

//In a typical Ionic-Cordova integration
cordova.plugin.doSomething()

5. Strong Community Support

The community of developers and experts supporting Ionic is vast. They actively participate in discussions, problem-solving, providing learning resources, bug fixing, etc. This robust community support makes developers’ jobs more manageable.

Ionic Community

6. Plugin Support

Ionic extends support for plugins. With these plugins, access to various native device features becomes accessible.

import { Camera } from '@ionic-native/camera/ngx';

constructor(private camera: Camera) { }

...

this.camera.getPicture(options).then((imageData) => {
 // imageData is a base64 encoded string
 console.log(imageData);
}, (err) => {
 console.err(err);
});

A Look at Flutter:

When we talk about Flutter and whether it would replace Ionic, we need to acknowledge that while both aim at making app development easier, their methodology differs.

Flutter uses Dart, a statically typed language. A lot of developers may need to learn Dart first to start with Flutter. On the flip side, adopting Ionic might be easier for many developers who already have experience with HTML, CSS, and JavaScript.

One main advantage that Flutter has over Ionic is that it compiles to machine code, which might offer better performance. But remember, Ionic also ensures great performance by leveraging native code through Cordova or Capacitor.

Flutter and Ionic both provide a substantial suite of beautiful UI elements out of the box. Still, some developers argue that Flutter allows more flexibility in crafting customized UI experiences. However, this comes down to specific project requirements and how comfortable a team is with each respective framework.

If community support is a decisive factor for you, Ionic has been around longer than Flutter, thus having a larger community currently.

Will Flutter Replace Ionic?

Predicting the obsolescence of a technology could be implicitly biased, considering the rapid pace of evolution in the tech realm. A flat assertion is difficult to provide; however, the take-away here is that replacing Ionic entirely with Flutter might not be plausible soon.

Many developers prefer using Ionic due to familiarity with web technologies, vast community support, ease of use, and ability to achieve high performance. However, Flutter is catching up at a tremendous pace too due to some of its unique selling points like “Hot Reload”, being close to the native app performance, and implementing trendy designs swiftly.

In essence, the choice between Flutter and Ionic primarily depends on the specific requirement of your project, team expertise, and client preferences.

The continual tug-of-war between diverse technologies pushes us towards more sophistically managed app development methodologies and enhanced user experiences.

Keeping abreast with the ongoing competition among modern frameworks, brushing your skills in both Ionic and Flutter could come handy, keeping you equipped and ready, irrespective of which one takes over the market!

Flutter

and

Ionic

are both renowned open-source frameworks that provide developers with tools needed for building high-quality mobile apps. To gauge whether Flutter could replace Ionic, a comparative analysis based on their performances can be quite revealing.

Performance of Flutter Vs. Ionic

The crucial first point where these two frameworks differ significantly is their performance. In essence:

Flutter uses Dart language and compiles it to native code, which contributes to its excellent performance. Flutter’s engine communicates with platform-specific SDKs directly, giving it an edge in smoother animations and transitions to better resemble native applications’ behavior.

Whereas, the Ionic framework uses web technologies like HTML, CSS, and JavaScript. Its working principle involves rendering within a WebView, which is a native control for embedding websites into applications. However, this might result in a slightly lesser performance compared to Flutter.

Components and APIs

Another aspect we can use to analyze whether Flutter could replace Ionic is comparing their components and APIs.

Flutter, owing to direct communication with native platforms, offers a larger number of components and APIs out-of-the-box. This results in a more aesthetic look and feel, much closer to pure native applications.

In comparison, Ionic, focuses on providing a more consistent experience across different platforms rather than customization. Developers have mentioned that it usually requires using third-party libraries for accessing native features, which might introduce stability issues and performance degradation.

User Interface Design and Experience

Creating an exceptional user interface is indispensable when aiming at engaging and retaining users. Consideration of how UI/UX appears in these two frameworks provides additional insights.

Flutter has a widget-based approach allowing developers to create personalized and expressive interfaces, giving apps a near-native experience due to its compiled nature.

Ionic uses standard WebViews, which consists of pre-styled components for easier implementation but less flexibility. Though it guarantees consistency across platforms, the app interface doesn’t feel as native as with Flutter.

Learning Curve

Lastly, another determinant factor is the ease of learning these frameworks.

Flutter, operating with Dart language, presents a steep learning curve for developers not familiar with it, demanding a sound understanding of its underlying concepts and methodology.

On the other hand, Ionic uses popular web technologies making it more relaxed and rapid to learn for those with a web development background.

In summary, while there are some areas where each holds its own advantages, such as learning curve for Ionic and performance for Flutter, generally, Flutter seems to have an upper hand when it comes to delivering higher performance, wider range of components, and expressing a near-native interface. Thus, it is conceivable that there may be a trend towards more developers opting for Flutter over Ionic which suggests it could replace Ionic in the long run.
For further reading, developers can refer to the Flutter documentation and the Ionic documentationCertainly, when it comes to app development, Flutter and Ionic are popular platform choices. Both provide useful tools for UI design, but they approach the task quite differently due to their varied natures. Understanding these differences can help us gauge whether Flutter is on track to replace Ionic or not.

Flutter’s UI Design Approach

Flutter, developed by Google, allows for the creation of beautiful, native-like applications. A key feature that sets Flutter apart is its customizable widget sets. With Flutter:

  • You get two sets of widgets: Material Design (for Android) and Cupertino (for iOS). These customizable widgets make designing a UI fairly simple and efficient.
  • The Skia engine complements these widgets, making it possible to create complex, custom animations and transitions.
  • Your code gets compiled directly into native machine code using Dart, which leads to higher performance compared to hybrid frameworks.

For example, a basic Flutter layout definition may look like this:

return MaterialApp(
  home: Scaffold(
    appBar: AppBar(
      title: Text('First Flutter App'),
    ),
    body: Center(
      child: Text('Hello World!'),
    ),
  ),
);

See how seamless it is? You can easily adjust the layout structure and attributes to create more elaborate designs. Understandably, these features make Flutter very popular among app developers.

Ionic’s UI Design Approach

Contrarily, Ionic focuses on providing a platform for hybrid app development. To streamline the UI design process, Ionic uses:

  • Web technologies: HTML, CSS, and JavaScript allow for broader cross-platform compatibility.
  • Component-based structure: Predefined components simplify the building and styling of your UI.
  • Integration with Angular, React, Vue.js: Ionic leverages popular web development frameworks for enhanced functionality and dependable support.

Here’s an example of what an Ionic layout might look like:

My First Ionic App

Hello World!

Ionic’s component-based structure and use of known web technologies make the platform easy to adopt for traditional web developers looking to move into mobile app development.

Is Flutter Going to Replace Ionic?

Given the differences in UI design approaches, we may wonder if Flutter will replace Ionic. However, the answer isn’t clear-cut.

  • Performance: Flutter has an edge since it compiles to native machine code, leading to better performance than Ionic.
  • Adoption & Community: For now, Ionic still enjoys a larger developer community and broader adoption, thanks to its extensive support for various popular web frameworks and ease of transition for web developers.
  • UI Flexibility: Flutter provides superior flexibility in UI design and animation, offering a high degree of customization that Ionic’s predefined components cannot match.

But remember, each project comes with unique requirements. While Flutter may seem more attractive based on certain parameters, there’s plenty of scenarios where Ionic would be a more suitable choice. It all boils down to the needs of the specific project at hand.

For some deeper insights, consider this comparison piece reviewing both platforms against several critical factors.

So while Flutter seems to be on the rise, it doesn’t necessarily mean it’s going to replace Ionic. Both platforms cater to different developer needs and preferences. As long as both continue to evolve and improve their offerings, I believe there’s enough room in the market for both to thrive. Will there be a shift towards Flutter? There’s a good chance, but completely replacing Ionic may not be on the cards just yet.Sure, from my personal coding experience and widespread debate within the coding community, both Flutter and Ionic have grown substantially over the years due in part to robust community support. However, whether Flutter will replace Ionic is a more complex issue that depends largely on key factors such as learning curve, language preference, performance, documentation, and community.

Community Support for Ionic and Flutter:
Community support can be the backbone of any programming language or framework’s success. Both Flutter and Ionic feature large, vibrant community networks — resulting in accessible resources and troubleshooting help when coders get stuck.

The Ionic Community platform provides a host of opportunities for developers worldwide to connect and share their experience with one another. Ionic also organizes meetups and hackathons globally, creating an interactive environment for coders.

Similarly, the Flutter Community also presents various platforms like mailing lists, online groups, and in-person meet-ups for collaborative problem-solving and information sharing among developers.

Language Preference:
When it comes to coding language preferences, Ionic users need to be proficient in Angular, JavaScript and TypeScript primarily. Fans of JavaScript might lean towards Ionic considering its familiarity.

exampleIonicAppComponent {
  private example: string;
}

On the other hand, Flutter uses Dart which might be less familiar but is praised for its expressiveness and smooth learning curve.

flutterExample() {
  var example = 'Example String';
}

Performance and User Experience:
Performance is often a decisive factor between two competitive tools. Flutter clearly takes the edge here due to its direct communication with native device components, providing a smoother user experience.

Documentation and Learning Resources:
As a Google-backed framework, Flutter greatly benefits from thorough, methodical documentation. However, the Ionic framework does not lag far behind, offering comprehensive guides and tutorials available on their official website and throughout their community.

In balance, while Flutter brings in some influential advantages like superior performance and attractive UI, it seems unlikely that it will completely replace Ionic in near future. The reason lies in Ionic’s adoption of widely used languages, encouraging moderate learning curve and its capacity to create cross-platform applications, which keep it in high demand. As professional coders, we understand that the choice between Ionic and Flutter ultimately boils down to the project requirements, team’s coding expertise and comfort with the employed language.

However, given the pace at which Flutter is growing in popularity, thanks to its sleek widgets and performance edge, it might grow to surpass Ionic eventually if not replace it entirely. In time, we shall see how this promising Google product shapes the fate of hybrid app development, possibly steering it into a new, dynamic direction.

Whether or not Flutter will replace Ionic in the future is a question that’s been creating a lot of buzz in the developer community. Both of these frameworks have their own unique selling points and characteristics which make them popular among developers. However, considering the recent advancements and trends, we might analyze how Flutter has potential advantages over Ionic, but whether it will completely supplant Ionic, that remains uncertain.

The Strengths of Flutter

  • Cross-platform performance: One of the key appeals of Flutter is its cross-platform performance. With Flutter, you can accomplish seamless integration across different platforms without compromising on speed or performance. Unlike with Ionic where you need to rely on WebViews, Flutter compiles directly to ARM machine code, leading to impressive native performance.
  • Hot Reload: Another remarkable aspect of Flutter is its Hot Reload feature. This extends the ability to experiment with the interface and fix bugs in real-time, making it a faster process to build applications compared to Ionic.
  • Dart Programming Language: Flutter uses Dart, an object-oriented programming language from Google that is easy to learn and supports just-in-time (JIT) and ahead-of-time (AOT) compilations. It therefore provides better performance optimizations.
void main() {
  print('Hello, World!');
}

What Makes Ionic Stand Out?

  • Use of familiar web technologies: Ionic utilises familiar web technologies like HTML, CSS, and JavaScript, which makes it a more accessible option for many developers. The learning curve is minimal if you already have experience in these areas.
  • Integration Capabilities: Ionic offers superior integration capabilities with other libraries or frameworks such as Angular, React, and Vue.js, which makes it versatile.
  • Welcome tools and services: Ionic framework supplies various tools and services like Ionic DevApp, Ionic Lab, and Ionic View that eases the development process.
function helloWorld() {
  console.log('Hello World');
}
helloWorld();

When summarizing up the possibilities for the future, it’s clear that both Ionic and Flutter offer distinctive advantages., it would be rash to predict outright that Flutter will replace Ionic. While it’s true that Flutter has seen a boost in popularity and adoption rates recently due to its advanced features and sturdy performance, Ionic continues to hold its ground due to its reliance on widely-used web technologies, ease of use, and flexibility.

It’s important to remember that technological aspects are transient and continually evolving. Choosing between Flutter and Ionic eventually depends on project requirements, existing skills and resources, performance expectations and consistency.

Given this backdrop, it seems implausible that one technology will “supplant” the other outright. Instead, these tools will likely continue to evolve, possibly diverging to serve differing aspects of development needs. For deeper insights into both Flutter and Ionic, refer to the Flutter documentation and the Ionic documentation.

Before diving deep into the critique, one must understand that both JavaScript (Ionic) and Dart (Flutter) have made significant roles in the mobile app development ecosystem. However, the comparison between these two frameworks often comes up as there’s a growing rumour: Is Flutter going to replace Ionic?

The Development Language

JavaScript is the language behind Ionic and is one of the most widely used languages currently in existence. This is because it’s long been established in the web programming industry and has an extensive community support (State of JS 2020). It’s praised for its simplicity, versatility, and efficiency.

// An array declaration using JavaScript
let arr = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5];

On the other hand, Dart is the language of Flutter, which might seem new to many developers, but its learning curve is minimal for anyone who understands object-oriented programming concepts. Its syntax is easy to understand, and Google actively supports it.

// An array declaration using Dart
List arr = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5];

Performance

When compared on performance, Flutter overshadows Ionic. The main reason being that Flutter apps are compiled with native machine code (Flutter Build Modes Doc), leading to better performance. Ionic, however, being a hybrid framework, falls a little short when intensive graphical tasks are involved.

The UI Experience

Ionic utilizes web technologies for rendering applications, conforming to write once run everywhere principle. But, this can result in compromised UI experiences on some devices.

However, Flutter prioritizes native user experience by providing a wide range of widgets that look and feel excellent. These widgets follow specific platform conventions that allow your Flutter app to feel ‘right at home’ on virtually any device.

Community Support

In terms of community support, JavaScript (Ionic) is well ahead given its existence over years (State of JS 2020). Developers understand it, users know about it, and there are unlimited resources available for help.

Dart (Flutter), on the other hand, although gaining popularity and supported by Google, still hasn’t reached the same level of acceptance as JavaScript. But its growth trend indicates that it will gather more developer community support soon.

So Is Flutter Going To Replace Ionic?

With Flutter gaining momentum and popularity, it seems to be a favourite choice of many developers for specific projects. That doesn’t necessarily mean it’s going to replace Ionic. The use of either largely depends on individual project requirements, timing, and resource availability. If your project needs truly native interfaces with high performance, then Flutter offers substantial advantages. But if you need a time-efficient solution and wish to utilize web technology to the fullest, sticking to Ionic would be beneficial.

They are both tools designed for making cross-platform development easier, each having its strong points—none-better-than-the-other, just different.

Therefore, saying that Flutter is going to replace Ionic might be a bit far-fetched. They’re more likely to coexist, with developers opting for the one that best suits their specific project needs.

While perspectives vary, in light of the current advances, Flutter seems to be edging out Ionic in several fronts. Analysis points towards two compelling differentiators that area already swinging the pendulum towards Flutter:

    • Performance: Flutter’s Dart platform allows direct compilation to native code which skews performance more favourably when compared with Ionic’s reliance on Webview for rendering and Javascript bridge for some interactions.
Dart code example:
void main() {
  print('Hello, World!');
}
  • User Experience: Given Flutter’s ability to render over 60 frames per second (fps), this makes the perceived user experience far superior. This offers an edge especially for applications where animations and transitions play a significant role.

However, it’s notable to mention that Ionic will continue to maintain its place owing to the strength of Angular as a frontend framework alongside JavaScript that has been reigning for years.

Javascript code example:
console.log('Hello, World!');

Below is a comparative table between Flutter and Ionic:

Flutter Ionic
Language Dart Javascript
Performance Level High Low-Moderate
Third Party Libraries Lesser than Ionic Higher than Flutter

I believe the above analysis based on performance, user experience and language preference provides a well-rounded narrative to the topic. Each developer or business needs to assess their individual project needs before diving into either of the frameworks. You can delve deeper into Ionic documentation and Flutter documentation for specifics around each of these technologies.

Developments in technology are indeed dynamic and keep shifting the competitive landscape, but as of now, Flutter seems to have an upper hand, though not necessarily replacing Ionic.

Related

References

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